- The effect of refraction causes seaside near to a cape is stony while sea near to a bay is sandy.
- At the middle of the sea, the wavefront is a linear line.
- This linear form is due to the nearly equal similar depth of water.
- When waves move close to the coast line, the wavefronts start to curve and follow the topography of the coast line, due to the effect of refraction.
- At the bay, the energy of the have spread to a wider area, and cause the amplitude to reduce.
- At the cape, the energy of the wave is converged to a smaller area, therefore the amplitude of the wave increases.